Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Interleukin-1α expression precedes IL-1β after ischemic brain injury and is localised to areas of focal neuronal loss and penumbral tissues

doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-8-186

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL-1α is expressed by microglia localized to focal neuronal and BBB injury 24 h after MCAo . Images are coronal sections from brains of C57BL6/H and CX3CR1-GFP +/- mice 60 min MCAo and 24 h reperfusion. Widefield images show IL-1α-expressing (red), GFP positive (green) microglia in ipsilateral (Ai), not contralateral (ii) amygdala 24 h after MCAo in a CX3CR1-GFP +/- mouse. IL-1α immunohistochemistry with cresyl violet co-staining localises IL-1α expressing microglia to the peri-infarct zone in thalamus (Bi) and cortex (Bii) of a C57BL6/H mouse. Focal IgG staining (red) co-localized with IL-1α positive microglia (green) in the ipsilateral cortex of a C57BL6/H mouse (Ci). No IgG or IL-1α staining detected in the contralateral cortex (Cii). IL-1α positive microglia detected in larger areas of IgG staining in the ipsilateral (Ciii), but not contralateral (Civ) hemisphere. Co-localization of IL-1α positive microglia (red) with areas of neuronal loss (blue) in a C57BL6/H mouse (D). Occasional IL-1α positive microglia also found in areas where neurons were morphologically intact (D, inset). Confocal images (E) are maximum Z projections (Ei, iii) and confocal slices at the level of the nucleus (Eii, iv) of IL-1α expressing, GFP positive microglia in a CX3CR1-GFP +/- mouse. Cells with (Ei, ii), and without (Eiii, iv) nuclear IL-1α. Nuclear fluorescence intensities for IL-1α and GFP were quantified from confocal images, and the fold enrichment of IL-1α and GFP in microglial nuclei was calculated in comparison to whole cell fluorescence (F). All images are representative of n ≥ 3 mice. Quantification is of n = 4 CX3CR1-GFP +/- mouse brains, with each data point representing an individual cell, n ≥ 30 cells per brain.

Article Snippet: Staining of coronal brain sections from C57BL6/H mice (Figure ) and CX3CR1-GFP+/- mice (not shown) 24 h after MCAo for IL-1α and IgG (BA-2000, Vector Labs, biotinylated horse anti-mouse IgG, 2 μg/mL; S-32356, Invitrogen, Alexa 594 conjugated streptavidin, 5 μg/mL) revealed that IL-1α expressing cells co-localized to areas of focal BBB damage, mainly near the penumbral regions of the ipsilateral hemisphere (Figure ).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: Islets

Article Title: Perinatal exposure to high dietary advanced glycation end products in transgenic NOD8.3 mice leads to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction

doi: 10.1080/19382014.2017.1405189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Low AGE diets elevate proportions of CD4 + T cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells within the spleen. Proportions of total CD4 + (A), naïve CD4 + CD62L + CD44 − (B), antigen experienced CD4 + CD62L + CD44 + (C), antigen experienced CD4 + CD62L − CD44 + (D), total CD8 + E), and naïve CD8 + CD62L + CD44 − (F), antigen experienced CD8 + CD62L + CD44 + (G), antigen experienced CD8 + CD62L − CD44 + (H), CD4 + CD25 hi Foxp3 hi T regulatory (I), CD19 + B220 + B (J), CD11c + CD11b + conventional dendritic (cDC; K) and CD11c + CD11b − plasmacytoid dendritic (pDC; L) cells within the pancreatic lymph node (pLN). Proportions of total splenic CD4 + (M), naïve CD4 + CD62L + CD44 − (N), antigen experienced CD4 + CD62L + CD44 + (O), antigen experienced CD4 + CD62L − CD44 + (P), total CD8 + (Q), and naïve CD8 + CD62L + CD44 − (R), antigen experienced CD8 + CD62L + CD44 + (S), antigen experienced CD8 + CD62L − CD44 + (T) T cells, CD4 + CD25 hi Foxp3 hi T regulatory (U), CD19 + B220 + B (V), CD11c + CD11b + cDC (W) and CD11c + CD11b − pDC (X) cells (n = 4–5/group). The median (line), first and third quartile distributions (box), and minimum and maximum values (whiskers) are shown. Trends are reported as italicized p values, Mann Whitney U Test.

Article Snippet: Cell surface markers were assessed by staining the cells with pacific-blue conjugated anti-CD4 (558107), PerCP conjugated anti-CD8 (561092), to allophycocynin conjugated anti-CD44 (559250), fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated anti-CD62 (561917), PECy7 conjugated anti-CD25 (552880), PECy7 conjugated CD19 (552854), APCCy7 conjugated anti-B220 (552094), PE conjugated anti-CD11b (553311), Pacific Orange-conjugated streptavidin against biotin-conjugated anti-CD11c (553800) (all antibodies 1:400; BD Bioscience).

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY